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George Taylor, M.D., was the first American to create a steam and foot/hand crank device in 1869. Taylor’s "Manipulator" turned a wheel, which pushed a rod that created a movement on a handle or padded surface. The patient would either hold on to the handle and receive the vibration or oscillations or sit or stand against the padded surface to receive the movement from the machine. The poulaine was used at dinner parties in the courts and homes of the affluent for under-the-table titillation.

Dr. Maines posits that vibrators are inefficient motors